What Does Pooling Mean?
Pooling is a system in which a large number of people purchase insurance as a group in order to lessen the cost of coverage. Essentially, the members of the pool who are deemed low-risk compensate for the elevated cost of insuring those who are high-risk.
Insuranceopedia Explains Pooling
The easiest way to lessen the cost of insurance payouts was to refuse to insure high-risk applicants. The Affordable Care Act, however, has forbidden this practice for health insurers, compelling them to cover applicants with pre-existing conditions.
The insurance tradition has another economic model: pooling. The insured are pooled or categorized according to a given characteristic (age or location, for example). In terms of risk, the are heterogeneous, but by pooling all of their resources, they can acquire a homogeneous policy that will provide affordable coverage even to its high-risk members.